This depends on the species of plant. Some plants are annuals and grow and die in one year. Perennials live and grow for many years. In places like the UK (temperate) plants grow during the spring and the summer when there is plenty of light. They then slow or stop growing in the winter when it is darker. Some plants that are trees can keep on growing for over 1000 years.
It depends on the plant! Some only live for about a year (annuals) and some for more (perennials). Like Duncan said, how long a given perennial lives can vary a lot- sometimes just a few years and sometimes for thousands!
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